Prognostic value of peripheral blood lymphocytes in community-acquired pneumonia in children
https://doi.org/10.53529/2500-1175-2025-1-21-31
Abstract
Introduction. Despite a significant decrease in mortality from pneumonia, pneumonia remains the main cause of death in children outside the neonatal period. As a key component of the immune system, CD4+ T cells significantly affect lung tissue damage. Prior to the initiation of an adaptive immune response, NK cells not only produce cytokines associated with antiviral immunity, but are also directly involved in the rapid elimination of infected cells.
Objective. To determine changes in lymphocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood in children in different age groups with community-acquired pneumonia and and to assess their prognostic significance depending on the severity of community-acquired pneumonia.
Materials and methods. 117 children aged 1 to 18 years with radiologically confirmed diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia were examined, severe (29 children) and mild (88 children). All children were divided into 4 age groups (1–3 years old, 4–7 years old, 8–12 years old, 13–18 years old). Blood levels of lymphocytes and their subpopulations were determined in all children using flow cytometry.
Results. According to the results of the study, a decrease in the number of NK-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of children with severe community-acquired pneumonia was revealed compared with children with mild community-acquired pneumonia in all age groups, and an association of NK-lymphocytes and TNK-lymphocytes with the severity of community-acquired pneumonia in children was found.
Conclusions. A decrease in the number of NK-lymphocytes in peripheral blood in children with severe community-acquired pneumonia in all age groups compared with children with mild community-acquired pneumonia, as well as the association between a decrease in the number of NK-lymphocytes and TNK-lymphocytes and the severity of community-acquired pneumonia in children can be considered an independent marker of the severity of this disease.
About the Authors
N. V. Iziurova
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “South-Ural State Medical University” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Iziurova Natalia Vladimirovna — Assistant of the Department of Propaedeutics of Children’s Diseases and Pediatrics
454092, Ural Federal District, Chelyabinsk region, Chelyabinsk, Vorovskiy str., 64
A. Yu. Savochkina
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “South-Ural State Medical University” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Savochkina Albina Yurievna — Dr. Sci., Professor, Head of the Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology
454092, Ural Federal District, Chelyabinsk region, Chelyabinsk, Vorovskiy str., 64
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Review
For citations:
Iziurova N.V., Savochkina A.Yu. Prognostic value of peripheral blood lymphocytes in community-acquired pneumonia in children. Allergology and Immunology in Paediatrics. 2025;(1):21-31. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.53529/2500-1175-2025-1-21-31
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