Показатели TREC и KREC у пациентов с врожденными пороками сердца. Данные неонатального скрининга

Актуальность. Дети с врожденными пороками сердца (ВПС) имеют высокий риск инфекционных осложнений с неблагоприятным исходом, что связано с неадекватным иммунным ответом. TREC и KREC являются признанными биомаркерами Т- и В-клеточного лимфопоэза у новорожденных.

Цель исследования: оценить количество кольцевых участков ДНК — TREC и KREC у детей с врожденными пороками сердца.

Материалы и методы. При проведении исследования использовались данные неонатального скрининга на первичные иммунодефициты в Ставропольском крае за период с 01.01.2023 по 30.06.2024. Осуществлен анализ TREC и KREC у 43 новорожденных с ВПС по сравнению со здоровыми младенцами.

Результаты исследования. Показатели TREC и KREC у детей с ВПС были ниже, чем у здоровых детей. Установлена связь уровней TREC с абсолютной лимфопенией, развитием инфекционных осложнений. Определено снижение KREC у младенцев с ВПС и генетическими синдромами. Установлено, что уровень TREC менее 650 копий на 10⁵ клеток может быть предиктором развития инфекционных осложнений у новорожденных с ВПС.

Выводы: уменьшение числа копий TREC и KREC в неонатальном скрининге позволяет выявить детей с ВПС с высоким риском инфицирования, открывая потенциальные возможности для профилактической терапии. 

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