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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">adair</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аллергология и Иммунология в Педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Allergology and Immunology in Paediatrics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-1175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-7958</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ассоциация детских аллергологов и иммунологов России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24411/2500-1175-2020-10016</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">adair-29</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Аллергический ринит у детей с избыточной массой тела/ожирением: особенности сенсибилизации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Allergic rhinitis in children with overweight/obesity: features of sensitization</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бекезин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bekezin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смоленск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Smolensk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Королева</surname><given-names>А. E.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koroleva</surname><given-names>E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смоленск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Smolensk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сазоненкова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sazonenkova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смоленск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Smolensk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смоленск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Smolensk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7806-9484</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мешкова</surname><given-names>Р. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Meshkova</surname><given-names>R. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мешкова Раиса Яковлевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой клинической иммунологии и аллергологии </p><p>214019, г. Смоленск, ул. Крупской, 28 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Raisa Y. Meshkova, Professor, MD, DSc. Head of the Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology</p><p>Krupsray 28, Smolensk, 214019</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Meshkova.raisa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Смоленский государственный медицинский университет» МЗ ПФ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Smolensk State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Смоленский областной центр аллергологии и иммунологии, МЛПУ КБ № 1<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Smolensk regional center of Allergology and Immunology<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бекезин В.В., Королева А.E., Сазоненкова Л.В., Волкова Е.В., Мешкова Р.Я., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бекезин В.В., Королева А.E., Сазоненкова Л.В., Волкова Е.В., Мешкова Р.Я.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bekezin V.V., Королева А.E., Sazonenkova L.V., Volkova E.V., Meshkova R.Y.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://adair.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/29">https://adair.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/29</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. В литературе имеются единичные работы, посвященные изучению аллергического ринита у детей с избыточной массой тела и ожирением. Имеющиеся данные носят противоречивый характер и требуют дальнейшего изучения.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Провести сравнительное изучение характера сенсибилизации к аэроаллергенам и дебюта аллергического ринита у детей с избыточной массой тела/ожирением и нормальной массой тела.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 45 детей с аллергическим ринитом (АР) в возрасте 4–8 лет, находившихся под наблюдением в Смоленском областном центре аллергологии и иммунологии; отбор детей осуществляли методом сплошной выборки. Для оценки массы тела использовали критерий ИМТ (масса тела, кг/рост, м), результаты оценивали по данным перцентильных таблиц и/или стандартных отклонений ИМТ (SDS — standart deviation score) в зависимости от возраста ребенка и гендерных различий. Ожирение у детей диагностировали при +2,0 SDS ИМТ. Все дети были разделены на 3 группы: 1-я  —  22  ребенка  с  нормальной массой тела, 2-я — 13 детей с ИМТ ниже нормы и 3-я — 10 детей с избыточной массой тела/ожирением. Всем детям проводили кожные скарификационные аллергопробы водно-солевыми экстрактами клещей  домашней пыли (КДП) и пыльцевыми аллергенами (производство АО «Биомед», Россия) по стандартной методике. Положительные результаты аллергопроб к одному аллергену  рассматривались  как  моносенсибилизация,  к двум и более аллергенам — как полисенсибилизация. Наличие положительных аллергопроб к неблизкородственным аллергенам (пыльцевые, КДП) рассматривалось как сочетанная сенсибилизация [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit1">1</xref>]. Статистическая  обработка  результатов  проводилась  с  применением  статистического  пакета  программ Microsoft Excel 7.0. Для сравнения долевых показателей между группами использовали критерий углового преобразования  (критерий  Фишера)  или  критерий  Х2  (хи-квадрат).  Достоверными  считались  результаты  при уровне  значимости  р&lt;0,05.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В результате исследования нами установлено, что избыточная масса тела/ожирение встречается у 1/5 детей 4–8 лет с аллергическим ринитом. Дебют аллергического ринита не зависел от массы тела ребенка. Во всех группах детей с аллергическим ринитом, независимо от массы тела, преобладали мальчики. Гиперчувствительность к аллергенам клещей домашней пыли является ведущей причиной аллергического ринита у детей 4–8 лет во всех весовых категориях (от 60,0% до 63,2%). У детей с избыточной массой тела/ожирением аллергический ринит в 2,64 раза чаще (р&lt;0,05) обусловлен моносенсибилизацией к аэроаллергенам по сравнению с детьми, имеющими нормальный ИМТ, тогда как у детей с нормальной массой тела в 2,05 раза чаще регистрируется сочетанный тип гиперчувствительности (р&lt;0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Избыточная масса тела/ожирение имеет место у 1/5 детей 4–8 лет с аллергическим ринитом. Этот фактор не влияет на дебют аллергического ринита, но достоверно влияет на тип сенсибилизации.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. In the literature there are single works dedicated to the study of allergic rhinitis in children with overweight and obesity. The available information are conflicting and require further study.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim of study</title><p>Aim of study. To study the nature of sensitization to aeroallergens and the debut of allergic rhinitis in children with overweight/obesity.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included 45 children with allergic rhinitis (AR) at the age of 4–8 years, who were monitored at the Smolensk Regional Center of Allergology and Immunology; the selection of children was carried out by the method of continuous sampling. The SDS criterion (body weight, kg / height, m) was used to assess body weight. The results were evaluated by the data of percentile tables and / or standard deviation scores depending on the child's age and gender differences.  Obesity  in  children  was  diagnosed  at  +2.0  SDS.  All  children  were  divided  into  3  groups: 1st — 22 children with normal body weight, 2nd — 13 children with SDS below normal and 3rd — 10 children with overweight/obesity. All children spent skin  scarification  allergy  tests  with  water-salt  extracts  of  house  dust  mites  (HDM) and pollen allergens (manufactured by JSC "Biomed"  Russia)  according  to  the  standard  method  Positive  results  of allergy tests to one allergen were considered as monosensitization, to two or more allergens — as polysensitization. The presence of positive allergy tests to non-closely related allergens (pollen, KDP) was considered as a combined sensitization [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit1">1</xref>]. Statistical working of the results was carried out using the statistical software package Microsoft Excel 7.0. The angular transformation test (Fisher's test) or the X2 test (X-square) were used to compare the proportional indicators between the groups. The results were considered reliable at a significance level of p&lt;0,05.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. We found as a result of research that overweight / obesity meets about 1/5 of children 4–8 years old with allergic rhinitis. The debut of allergic rhinitis did not depend on the child's body weight. Boys predominated in all groups of children with allergic rhinitis whatever of body weight. Hypersensitivity to house dust mite allergens is the leading cause of allergic rhinitis in children 4–8 years old in all weight categories (from 60,0% to 63,2%). Allergic rhinitis in children with overweight / obesity conditioned as 2,64 times often (p&lt;0.05) by monosensitization to aeroallergens compared with children with normal SDS. Whereas children with normal body weight is recorded 2,05 times more often (p&lt;0.05) the combined type of hypersensitivity.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Obesity meets in 1/5 of children 4–8 years old with allergic rhinitis. 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