adairАллергология и Иммунология в ПедиатрииAllergology and Immunology in Paediatrics2500-11752712-7958Ассоциация детских аллергологов и иммунологов России10.53529/2500-1175-2025-3-29-43adair-214Research ArticleОБЗОРREVIEWЛекарственная гиперчувствительность на стоматологические материалы (обзор)Drug hypersensitivity to dental materials (review)https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6407-6117ЧурюкинаЭ. В.ChuryukinaE. V.

Элла Витальевна Чурюкина, к. м. н., доцент, главный научный сотрудник, доцент, доцент кафедры, региональный руководитель АДАИР

НИИ акушерства и педиатрии; научный отдел клиники; кафедра патологической физиологии; кафедра клинической иммунологии, аллергологии и лабораторной диагностики

344022; пер. Нахичеванский, 29; Ростов-на-Дону; 350063; ул. М. Седина, 4; Краснодар

Ella Vitalievna Churyukina, Cand. Sci, Chief Researcher, Associate Professor, Associate Professor at the Department

Research Institute of Obstetrics and Pediatrics; Scientific Department of the Clinic; Department of Pathological Physiology; Department of Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Laboratory Diagnostics

344022; 29, Nachitsevanskij lane; Rostov-on-Don; 350063; 4, Mitrofan Sedina Street; Krasnodar

echuryukina@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7136-5571АлексеенкоС. Н.AlekseenkoS. N.

Сергей Николаевич Алексеенко, д. м. н., профессор, ректор, заведующий кафедрой

кафедрка профилактики заболеваний, здоровогообраза жизни и эпидемиологии

350063; ул. М. Седина, 4; Краснодар

Sergey Nikolaevich Alekseenko, Dr. Sci, Professor, Rector, Head of the Department

Department of Disease Prevention, Healthy Lifestyle and Epidemiology

350063; 4, Mitrofan Sedina Street; Krasnodar

press-c@ksma.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2868-0664ПузиковаО. З.PuzikovaO. Z.

Олеся Зиновьевна Пузикова, д. м. н., профессор

кафедра физиологии

344022; пер. Нахичеванский, 29; Ростов-на-Дону

Olesya Zinovievna Puzikova, Dr. Sci

344022; 29, Nachitsevanskij lane; Rostov-on-Don

olepuzikova@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8047-7148ЛевковичМ. А.LevkovichM. A.

Марина Аркадьевна Левкович, д. м. н., доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник 

НИИАП; научный отдел клиники

344022; пер. Нахичеванский, 29; Ростов-на-Дону

Marina Arkadyevna Levkovich, Dr. Sci, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher

Scientific Research Institute

344022; 29, Nachitsevanskij lane; Rostov-on-Don

xlma@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4570-6405КрукиерИ. И.KrukierI. I.

Ирина Ивановна Крукиер, д. б. н., профессор

кафедра общей и клинической биохимии № 1

344022; пер. Нахичеванский, 29; Ростов-на-Дону

Irina Ivanovna Krukier, Dr. Sci, Professor

Department of General and Clinical Biochemistry No. 1

344022; 29, Nachitsevanskij lane; Rostov-on-Don

biochem@rniiap.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2796-9466КотиеваИ. М.KotievaI. M.

Инга Мовлиевна Котиева, д. м. н., профессор, заведующий кафедры

кафедра патологической физиологии

344022; пер. Нахичеванский, 29; Ростов-на-Дону

Inga Movlievna Kotieva, Dr. Sci, Professor, Head of Department

Department of Pathological Physiology

344022; 29, Nachitsevanskij lane; Rostov-on-Don

Kukulik70@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6023-8916ГулянМ. В.GulyanM. V.

Марина Владимировна Гулян, к. м. н., начальник управления, доцент

управление научной политики и организации научных исследований; кафедра патологической физиологии

344022; пер. Нахичеванский, 29; Ростов-на-Дону

Marina Vladimirovna Gulyan, Cand. Sci, Head of Department, Associate Professor

Department of Scientific Policy and Organization of Scientific Research; Department of Pathological Physiology

344022; 29, Nachitsevanskij lane; Rostov-on-Don

25marinablik@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-1398-931XШумаринА. Е.ShumarinA. E.

Александр Евгеньевич Шумарин, к. м. н., доцент, доцент кафедры

кафедра патологической физиологии

344022; пер. Нахичеванский, 29; Ростов-на-Дону

Alexander Evgenievich Shumarin, Cand. Sci, Associate Professor

Department of Pathological Physiology

344022; 29, Nachitsevanskij lane; Rostov-on-Don

Alexandershumarin@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-1094-8712ВартанянЭ. Э.VartanyanE. E.

Эмма Эмильевна Вартанян, к. м. н., доцент

кафедра патологической физиологии

344022; пер. Нахичеванский, 29; Ростов-на-Дону

Emma Emilievna Vartanyan, Cand. Sci, Associate Professor

Department of Pathological Physiology

344022; 29, Nachitsevanskij lane; Rostov-on-Don

em.var@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9289-355XКутузоваА. А.KutuzovaA. A.

Александра Александровна Кутузова, к. м. н., доцент

кафедра патологической физиологии

344022; пер. Нахичеванский, 29; Ростов-на-Дону

Alexandra Alexandrovna Kutuzova, Cand. Sci, Associate Professor

Department of Pathological Physiology

344022; 29, Nachitsevanskij lane; Rostov-on-Don

alexdoc25@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7651-5970ТагировЗ. Т.TagirovZ. T.

Загир Тагирович Тагиров, к. м. н., доцент

кафедра патологической физиологии

344022; пер. Нахичеванский, 29; Ростов-на-Дону

Zagir Tagirovich Tagirov, Cand. Sci, Associate Professor

Department of Pathological Physiology

344022; 29, Nachitsevanskij lane; Rostov-on-Don

zagir62@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7534-134XАндрееваВ. О.AndreevaV. O.

Вера Олеговна Андреева, д. м. н., профессор, начальник отдела, главный внештатный специалистпо гинекологии детского и юношеского возраста

кафедра акушерства и гинекологии № 2; НИИАП; отдел научного отдела клиники

344022; пер. Нахичеванский, 29; Ростов-на-Дону

Vera Olegovna Andreeva, Dr. Sci, Professor, Head of the Department, Chief freelance Specialist in Gynecology of children and adolescents of the Southern Federal District and North Caucasus Federal District

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology No. 2; Scientific NIIAP; Departmentof the Clinic

344022; 29, Nachitsevanskij lane; Rostov-on-Don

vandreyeva@mail.ruЕремеевА. Р.EremeevA. R.

Арман Романович Еремеев, студент 2-го курса

стоматологический факультет

344022; пер. Нахичеванский, 29; Ростов-на-Дону

Arman Romanovich Eremeev, 2nd year student

Faculty of Dentistry

344022; 29, Nachitsevanskij lane; Rostov-on-Don

armaneremeev555@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-1718-929XБудаевМ. Ш.BudaevM. Sh.

Махач Шапиевич Будаев, студент 2-го курса

стоматологический факультет

344022; пер. Нахичеванский, 29; Ростов-на-Дону

Makhach Shapievich Budaev, 2nd year student

Faculty of Dentistry

344022; 29, Nachitsevanskij lane; Rostov-on-Don

mahachbudaev@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8995-5572КоковаЛ. Н.KokovaL. N.

Людмила Николаевна Кокова, к. м. н., доцент

кафедра клинической иммунологии, аллергологии и лабораторной диагностики

350063; ул. М. Седина, 4; Краснодар

Lyudmila Nikolaevna Kokova, Cand. Sci, Associate Professor

Department of Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Laboratory Diagnostics

350063; 4, Mitrofan Sedina Street; Krasnodar

kokovaln@gmail.comКоковЕ. А.KokovE. A.

Евгений Александрович Коков, к. м. н., доцент

кафедра клинической иммунологии, аллергологии и лабораторной диагностики

350063; ул. М. Седина, 4; Краснодар

Evgeny Aleksandrovich Kokov, Cand. Sci, Associate Professor

Department of Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Laboratory Diagnostics

350063; 4, Mitrofan Sedina Street; Krasnodar

kokovaln@gmail.comФедеральное государственное бюджетное общеобразовательное учреждение высшего образования «Ростовский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; Федеральное государственное бюджетное общеобразовательное учреждение высшего образования «Кубанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииРоссияFederal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Rostov State Medical University” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; State Budgetary educational institution of higher professional education Kuban State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian FederationRussian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное общеобразовательное учреждение высшего образования «Кубанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииРоссияState Budgetary educational institution of higher professional education Kuban State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian FederationRussian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное общеобразовательное учреждение высшего образования «Ростовский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииРоссияFederal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Rostov State Medical University” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian FederationRussian Federation202502102025032943Copyright © Чурюкина Э.В., Алексеенко С.Н., Пузикова О.З., Левкович М.А., Крукиер И.И., Котиева И.М., Гулян М.В., Шумарин А.Е., Вартанян Э.Э., Кутузова А.А., Тагиров З.Т., Андреева В.О., Еремеев А.Р., Будаев М.Ш., Кокова Л.Н., Коков Е.А., 20252025Чурюкина Э.В., Алексеенко С.Н., Пузикова О.З., Левкович М.А., Крукиер И.И., Котиева И.М., Гулян М.В., Шумарин А.Е., Вартанян Э.Э., Кутузова А.А., Тагиров З.Т., Андреева В.О., Еремеев А.Р., Будаев М.Ш., Кокова Л.Н., Коков Е.А.Churyukina E.V., Alekseenko S.N., Puzikova O.Z., Levkovich M.A., Krukier I.I., Kotieva I.M., Gulyan M.V., Shumarin A.E., Vartanyan E.E., Kutuzova A.A., Tagirov Z.T., Andreeva V.O., Eremeev A.R., Budaev M.S., Kokova L.N., Kokov E.A.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://adair.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/214   Актуальность

   Актуальность. Рост распространенности лекарственной гиперчувствительности на стоматологические материалы срединаселения любого возраста влечет за собой необходимость понимания разнообразия причин данной проблемы с целью предотвращения клинических проявлений в стоматологической практике.

   Материалы и методы

   Материалы и методы. Проведен поиск научных работ в поисковых системах PubMed, ScienceDirect, WileyOnlineLibrary, SpringerLink, RusMed, eLibrary.ru, по ключевым словам: гиперчувствительность на стоматологические материалы, гиперчувствительность на металлы, гиперчувствительность на полимеры, гиперчувствительность на акрилаты, аллергия на латекс. Глубина поиска составила 5 лет (2020–2025). Алгоритм поиска источников соответствовал принципам PRISMA. Идентифицировано 516 зарубежных и отечественных публикаций. Всего в анализ была включена 41 публикация из электронного поиска в вышеуказанных базах данных и 19 статей, дополнительно найденных с помощью ручного поиска.

   Результаты

   Результаты. Среди стоматологических материалов наиболее распространенными химическими компонентами, которые могут вызывать лекарственную гиперчувствительность, являются металлы и полимеры. Лекарственная гиперчувствительность на стоматологические материалы может проявляться в виде немедленных реакций гиперчувствительности (типа I) на металлы, латекс и некоторые полимеры с клиническими проявлениями в виде крапивницы, ангионевротического отека, бронхоспазма и анафилаксии либо замедленных реакций гиперчувствительности, чаще к металлам с симптомами контактного аллергического дерматита. Стоматологические материалы, имеющие проблемы с биосовместимостью, включают композиты, латексные перчатки, местные анестетики, эндодонтические материалы, слепочные материалы и металлы. Наиболее распространенными проявлениями гиперчувствительности II типа у стоматологических пациентов разного возраста, в том числе у детей, являются хейлит и периоральный дерматит (25,6 %), синдром жжения рта (15,7 %), лихеноидная реакция (14 %) и орофациальный гранулематоз (10,7 %). Распространенными контактными аллергенами были тиосульфат натрия (14 %), сульфат никеля (13,2 %), ртуть (9,9 %), хлорид палладия (7,4 %) и 2-гидроксиэтилметакрилат (5,8 %). В то время как у персонала стоматологических клиник обычно наблюдается контактный дерматит рук. Наиболее распространенной причиной контактного аллергического дерматита у работников стоматологии являются металлы, латекс, антимикробные препараты, формальдегид, консерванты и метакрилаты.

   Заключение

   Заключение. Для уточнения диагноза важно выяснить подробный аллергологический и фармакологический анамнезы, клиническое обследование и подтверждающие тесты, такие как патч-тесты и MELISA. Последний ИФА-метод исследования следует широко внедрять в реальную практику.

   Relevance

   Relevance. The increasing prevalence of hypersensitivity reactions to dental materials among the population of any age entails the need to understand the diversity of the etiology of this problem in order to prevent allergic manifestations in dental practice.

   Materials and methods

   Materials and methods. Scientific papers were searched in the search engines PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, SpringerLink, RusMed, eLibrary.ru by keywords: allergy to dental materials, allergy to metals, hypersensitivity to polymers, allergy to acrylates, allergy to latex. The search depth was 5 years (2020–2025). The source search algorithm followed the principles of PRISMA. 516 foreign and domestic publications were identified. A total of 41 publications from an electronic search in the above databases and 19 articles additionally found using a manual search were included in the analysis.

   Results

   Results. Among dental materials, metals and polymers are the most common chemical components that can cause hypersensitivity reactions. Hypersensitivity reactions can manifest as immediate hypersensitivity reactions (type I) to metals, latex and some polymers with clinical manifestations in the form of urticaria, angioedema, bronchospasm and anaphylaxis, or delayed hypersensitivity reactions, more often to metals with symptoms of contact allergic dermatitis. Dental materials with biocompatibility issues include composites, latex gloves, local anesthetics, endodontic materials, casts, and metals. The most common manifestations of allergies in dental patients are cheilitis and perioral dermatitis (25.6 %), burning mouth syndrome (15.7 %), lichenoid reaction (14 %) and orofacial granulomatosis (10.7 %). Common contact allergens were sodium thio-sulfate (14 %), nickel sulfate (13.2 %), mercury (9.9 %), palladium chloride (7.4 %), and 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (5.8 %). While dental clinic staff usually have contact dermatitis of the hands. The most common causes of contact allergic dermatitis in dental workers are metals, latex, antimicrobials, formaldehyde, preservatives, and methacrylates.

   Conclusion

   Conclusion. To clarify the diagnosis, it is important to find out a detailed allergy-related medical history, clinical examination, and confirmatory tests such as patch tests and MELISA. The latest ELISA research method should be widely implemented in real practice.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.