adairАллергология и Иммунология в ПедиатрииAllergology and Immunology in Paediatrics2500-11752712-7958Ассоциация детских аллергологов и иммунологов России10.53529/2500-1175-2025-3-17-28adair-213Research ArticleОБЗОРREVIEWЭозинофильные заболевания желудочно-кишечного тракта. Эозинофильный эзофагит, гастрит, энтерит и колит у детей (обзор)Eosinophilic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Eosinophilic esophagitis, gastritis, enteritis and colitis in children (review)https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5068-7136ПановаИ. В.PanovaI. V.

Ирина Витальевна Панова, д. м. н., профессор

кафедра педиатрии и неонатологии

344022; пер. Нахичеванский, д. 29; Ростов-на-Дону

Irina Vitalievna Panova, Dr. Sci., Professor

Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology

344022; 29 Nakhichevansky lane; Rostov-on-Don

pan_tol@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-8225-2908ЕлисееваН. Д.EliseevaN. D.

Нина Дмитриевна Елисеева, старший лаборант

кафедра педиатрии и неонатологии

344022; пер. Нахичеванский, д. 29; Ростов-на-Дону

Nina Dmitrievna Eliseeva, Senior Laboratory Assistant

Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology

344022; 29 Nakhichevansky lane; Rostov-on-Don

Ninel.85@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1310-6889ДомбаянС. Х.DombayanS. Chr.

Светлана Христофоровна Домбаян, к. м. н., доцент

кафедра педиатрии и неонатологии

344022; пер. Нахичеванский, д. 29; Ростов-на-Дону

Svetlana Christoforovna Dombayan, Cand. Sci., Associate Professor

Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology

344022; 29 Nakhichevansky lane; Rostov-on-Don

svetmed@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6407-6117ЧурюкинаЭ. В.ChuryukinaE. V.

Элла Витальевна Чурюкина, к. м. н., доцент, главный научный сотрудник, доцент кафедры, региональный руководитель АДАИР

НИИ акушерства и педиатрии; научный отдел клиники; кафедра патологической физиологии; кафедра клинической иммунологии, аллергологии и лабораторной диагностики

344022; пер. Нахичеванский, д. 29; Ростов-на-Дону; 350063; ул. М. Седина, д. 4; Краснодар

Ella Vitalievna Churyukina, Cand. Sci., Associate Professor, Chief Researcher, Associate Professor of the Department

Research Institute of Obstetrics and Pediatrics; Scientific Department; Department of Pathological Physiology; Department of Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Laboratory Diagnostics

344022; 29 Nakhichevansky lane; Rostov-on-Don; 350063; 4 M. Sedina str.; Krasnodar

echuryukina@mail.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное общеобразовательное учреждение высшего образования «Ростовский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииRostov State Medical UniversityФедеральное государственное бюджетное общеобразовательное учреждение высшего образования «Ростовский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; Федеральное государственное бюджетное общеобразовательное учреждение высшего образования «Кубанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииRostov State Medical University; Kuban State Medical University202502102025031728Copyright © Панова И.В., Елисеева Н.Д., Домбаян С.Х., Чурюкина Э.В., 20252025Панова И.В., Елисеева Н.Д., Домбаян С.Х., Чурюкина Э.В.Panova I.V., Eliseeva N.D., Dombayan S.C., Churyukina E.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://adair.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/213   Актуальность

   Актуальность. Рост заболеваемости эозинофильными гастроинтестинальными болезнями среди детского населения влечет за собой необходимость понимания этиологии и патогенеза данной патологии с целью повышения качества диагностики и лечения этой группы болезней.

   Материалы и методы

   Материалы и методы. В поисковых системах PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, SpringerLink, RusMed, eLibrary.ru проводился поиск научных работ по ключевым словам: эозинофильные гастроинтестинальные заболевания, эозинофильный эзофагит, эозинофильный гастрит, эозинофильный энтерит, эозинофильный колит, эозинофильная инфильтрация, дети, подростки. Глубина поиска составила 12 лет (2012–2024). Алгоритм поиска источников соответствовал принципам PRISMA. Идентифицировано 515 зарубежных и отечественных публикаций. В анализ включены 36 работ.

   Результаты

   Результаты. В настоящее время эозинофильные заболевания желудочно-кишечного тракта привлекают пристальное внимание ученых, что связано с существенным ростом этой патологии. Эозинофильными гастроинтестинальными заболеваниями называют группу хронических иммуноопосредованных заболеваний желудочно-кишечного тракта, характеризующихся гастроинтестинальными симптомами и патологической эозинофильной инфильтрацией при отсутствии вторичных причин эозинофилии с глубиной повреждения органа от слизистой оболочки до мышечного и серозного слоя, что приводит к грубым нарушениям их структуры и функции. Эта группа включает в себя эозинофильный эзофагит, эозинофильный гастрит, эозинофильный энтерит и эозинофильный колит. В представленном обзоре проведен анализ результатов современных научных исследований, посвященных эпидемиологии, патофизиологии и клиническим особенностям эозинофильных гастроинтестинальных заболеваний у детей. Приведены диагностические критерии. Рассмотрены современные подходы к лечению данных заболеваний. Большинство научных публикаций посвящены эозинофильному эзофагиту, в диагностике и лечении которого достигнут определенный консенсус. Особую сложность представляет ведение детей с эозинофильным гастритом, эозинофильным энтеритом и эозинофильным колитом, что определяет необходимость дальнейшего изучения патогенеза данных заболеваний.

   Вывод

   Вывод. Возросшее за последние годы количество научных работ расширяет знания об эозинофильных гастроинтестинальных заболеваниях у детей, однако стоит стремиться к достижению консенсуса в вопросах эозинофильного гастрита, эозинофильного энтерита и эозинофильного колита.

   Relevance

   Relevance. The increasing incidence of eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases among the pediatric population entails the need to understand the etiology and pathogenesis of this pathology in order to improve the quality of diagnosis and treatment of this group of diseases.

   Materials and methods

   Materials and methods. In the search engines PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, SpringerLink, RusMed, eLibrary.ru A search was conducted for scientific papers by keywords: eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases, eosinophilic esophagitis, eosinophilic gastritis, eosinophilic enteritis, eosinophilic colitis, eosinophilic infiltration, children, adolescents. The search depth was 12 years (2012–2024). The source search algorithm followed the principles of PRISMA. 515 foreign and domestic publications have been identified. The analysis includes 36 papers.

   Results

   Results. Currently, eosinophilic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract attract the close attention of scientists, which is associated with a significant increase in this pathology. Eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases are a group of chronic immune-mediated diseases of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms and pathological eosinophilic infiltration in the absence of secondary causes of eosinophilia with a depth of organ damage from the mucous membrane to the muscular and serous layer, which leads to severe violations of their structure and function. This group includes eosinophilic esophagitis, eosinophilic gastritis, eosinophilic enteritis and eosinophilic colitis. The presented review analyzes the results of modern scientific research on the epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical features of eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases in children. Diagnostic criteria are given. Modern approaches to the treatment of these diseases are considered. Most scientific publications are devoted to eosinophilic esophagitis, in the diagnosis and treatment of which a certain consensus has been reached. The management of children with eosinophilic gastritis, eosinophilic enteritis and eosinophilic colitis is particularly difficult, which determines the need for further study of the pathogenesis of these diseases.

   Conclusion

   Conclusion: the number of scientific papers that have increased in recent years expands knowledge about eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases in children, but it is worth striving to reach consensus on eosinophilic gastritis, eosinophilic enteritis and eosinophilic colitis.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.