adairАллергология и Иммунология в ПедиатрииAllergology and Immunology in Paediatrics2500-11752712-7958Ассоциация детских аллергологов и иммунологов России10.53529/2500-1175-2025-2-38-49adair-204Research ArticleОБЗОРREVIEWАллергические заболевания и детское ожирение: есть ли связь?Allergic diseases and childhood obesity: is there a relationship?https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5533-0205БелыхН. А.BelykhN. A.

Белых Наталья Анатольевна — д. м. н., заведующая кафедрой факультетской и поликлинической педиатрии с курсом педиатрии ФДПО

390026, г. Рязань, ул. Высоковольтная, д. 9

Nataliya Anatolyevna Belykh — Dr. Sci, Head of the Department of Faculty and Polyclinic Pediatrics

9 Vysokovol’tnaya Str., Ryazan, 390026

nbelyh68@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5344-0374ЛебедеваИ. Н.LebedevaI. N.

Лебедева Инна Николаевна — к. м. н., доцент кафедры факультетской и поликлинической педиатрии с курсом педиатрии ФДПО 

390026, г. Рязань, ул. Высоковольтная, д. 9

Inna N. Lebedeva — Cand. Sci, Assistant Professor of the Department of Faculty and Polyclinic Pediatrics

9 Vysokovol’tnaya Str., Ryazan, 390026

rodkb@rodkb.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9267-439XПизнюрИ. В.PiznyurI. V.

Пизнюр Инна Владимировна — ассистент кафедры факультетской и поликлинической педиатрии с курсом педиатрии ФДПО 

390026, г. Рязань, ул. Высоковольтная, д. 9

Inna Vladimirovna Piznyur — Assistant Professor of the Department of Faculty and Polyclinic Pediatrics

9 Vysokovol’tnaya Str., Ryazan, 390026

innaabramova@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0792-3233КотоваП. О.KotovaP. O.

Котова Полина Олеговна — ординатор кафедры факультетской и поликлинической педиатрии с курсом педиатрии ФПДО 

390026, г. Рязань, ул. Высоковольтная, д. 9

Polina Olegovna Kotova — resident of the Department of Faculty and Polyclinic Pediatrics

9 Vysokovol’tnaya Str., Ryazan, 390026

polina.iertskina@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0975-1137ДееваЮ. В.DeevaYu. V.

Деева Юлия Витальевна — ассистент кафедры факультетской и поликлинической педиатрии с курсом педиатрии ФПДО 

390026, г. Рязань, ул. Высоковольтная, д. 9

Yulia Vitalievna Deeva — Assistant Professor of the Department of Faculty and Polyclinic Pediatrics

9 Vysokovol’tnaya Str., Ryazan, 390026

yudeeva80@mail.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Рязанский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииRyazan State Medical University202511082025023849Copyright © Белых Н.А., Лебедева И.Н., Пизнюр И.В., Котова П.О., Деева Ю.В., 20252025Белых Н.А., Лебедева И.Н., Пизнюр И.В., Котова П.О., Деева Ю.В.Belykh N.A., Lebedeva I.N., Piznyur I.V., Kotova P.O., Deeva Y.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://adair.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/204

В течение последних десятилетий удельный вес детей, страдающих ожирением, увеличился в 4 раза. Параллельно в детской популяции отмечается рост аллергической патологии.

Цель — представить современные данные о взаимосвязи между детским ожирением и аллергическими заболеваниями. Материалы и методы. Проведен поиск отечественной и зарубежной литературы о взаимосвязи различных звеньев патогенеза аллергической патологии и ожирения с использованием баз данных Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, eLibrary, Cyberleninka. В обзор включены исследования, опубликованные с января 2016 года по январь 2025 года.

Результаты

Результаты. Описаны данные о механических и воспалительных эффектах ожирения в отношении атопии у детей. Кроме того, ожирение связано с повышенной выработкой воспалительных цитокинов и адипокинов, что поддерживает системное воспаление низкой активности и повышает риск обострений аллергических заболеваний. Аллергический ринит, атопический дерматит, пищевая аллергия и хроническая крапивница также, по-видимому, связаны с хроническим системным низкоактивным воспалением, характерным для ожирения. Дефицит витамина D, характерный для ожирения, по-видимому, играет определенную роль в развитии бронхиальной астмы и аллергического ринита, в то время как дислипидемия и дефекты кожного барьера могут объяснить связь между ожирением и атопическим дерматитом.

Заключение

Заключение. Необходимы дальнейшие исследования взаимосвязи между ожирением и атопией, подтверждающие роль жировой ткани в развитии аллергических заболеваний, для разработки новых терапевтических стратегий.

Over the past decades, the proportion of obese children has increased 4-fold. At the same time, there is an increase in allergic pathology in the children’s population.

The aim is to present modern data on the relationship between childhood obesity and allergic diseases.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. A search was conducted for domestic and foreign literature on the relationship between various links in the pathogenesis of allergic pathology and obesity using the databases Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, eLibrary, Cyberleninka. The review includes studies published from January 2016 to January 2025.

Results

Results. Data on the mechanical and inflammatory effects of obesity in relation to atopy in children are described. In addition, obesity is associated with increased production of inflammatory cytokines and adipokines, which supports low-activity systemic inflammation and increases the risk of exacerbations of allergic diseases. Allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, food allergies, and chronic urticaria also appear to be associated with the chronic systemic low-activity inflammation characteristic of obesity. Vitamin D deficiency, characteristic of obesity, appears to play a role in the development of bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis, while dyslipidemia and skin barrier defects may explain the link between obesity and atopic dermatitis.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Further research on the relationship between obesity and atopy is needed, confirming the role of adipose tissue in the development of allergic diseases, in order to develop new therapeutic strategies.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.