<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">adair</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аллергология и Иммунология в Педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Allergology and Immunology in Paediatrics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-1175</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-7958</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ассоциация детских аллергологов и иммунологов России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.53529/2500-1175-2025-1-50-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">adair-196</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ СЛУЧАИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MEDICAL CASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Иммунокостная дисплазия Шимке на стыке специальностей. Клинический случай диагностики заболевания врачами — аллергологамииммунологами</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Schimke immune-osseous dysplasia at the junction of specialties. A clinical case of disease diagnosis by allergologists and immunologists</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0414-7952</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильина</surname><given-names>Э. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iljina</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ильина Элеонора Станиславовна — врач — аллерголог-иммунолог  </p><p>350007, г. Краснодар, пл. Победы, 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Eleonora Stanislavovna Iljina — allergologist-immunologist </p><p>1 Pobedy sq., Krasnodar, 350007 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eleonora.iljina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3438-9522</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вейлер</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Veyler</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вейлер Дарья Андреевна — врач — аллерголог-иммунолог </p><p>350007, г. Краснодар, пл. Победы, 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Darya Andreevna Veyler — allergologist-immunologist </p><p>1 Pobedy sq., Krasnodar, 350007 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">darya.veyler@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5987-9376</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лашевич</surname><given-names>П. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lashevich</surname><given-names>P. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лашевич Полина Дмитриевна — врач-генетик  </p><p>50086, г. Краснодар, ул. 1 Мая, 167 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lashevich Polina Dmitrievna — geneticist </p><p>167, 1th May street, Krasnodar, 350086 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polinalashevich@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения «Детская краевая клиническая больница» Министерства здравоохранения Краснодарского края</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>“Children’s Regional Clinical Hospital” of Krasnodar Region Public Health Ministry</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения «Научно-исследовательский институт — Краевая клиническая больница № 1 имени профессора С. В. Очаповского» Министерства здравоохранения Краснодарского края</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Public Health Budget Institution Scientific Research Institute — Ochapovsky Regional Clinic Hospital of Krasnodar Region Public Health Ministry</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ильина Э.С., Вейлер Д.А., Лашевич П.Д., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ильина Э.С., Вейлер Д.А., Лашевич П.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Iljina E.S., Veyler D.A., Lashevich P.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://adair.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/196">https://adair.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/196</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Иммунокостная дисплазия Шимке (ИКДШ) представляет собой аутосомно-рецессивное, крайне редкое заболевание, характеризующееся мультисистемным поражением, сопровождающимся спондилоэпифизарной дисплазией скелета, стероидрезистентной протеинурической нефропатией, приводящей к прогрессирующей потере функции почек, нарушением иммунитета, а также поражением сосудов, вызванным атеросклерозом. ИКДШ вызывается биаллельными патогенными вариациями в гене SMARCAL1.</p><p>Клинические проявления ИКДШ очень разнообразны: от быстро прогрессирующего заболевания, при котором дети умирают в первые годы жизни, до более легких форм, при которых они доживают до зрелого возраста. Корреляция между генотипом и фенотипом крайне слабая, поэтому невозможно предсказать ни клиническое течение, ни исход заболевания. По этой причине пациенты с данной патологией могут попасть на прием к различным узким специалистам.</p><p>Описание клинического случая. В публикации представлен клинический случай 4-летнего мальчика с иммунологическим дефицитом, нарушением развития, а также скелетными аномалиями, свидетельствующими в пользу ИКДШ. При полноэкзомном секвенировании в гене SMARCAL1 обнаружены варианты мутаций с.2542G&gt;T (p.Glu848Ter); c.1682G&gt;T (p.Arg561Leu) в гетерозиготном состоянии.</p><p>По результатам полученного генетического исследования, а также учитывая, что заболевание носит мультисистемный характер, ребенок был осмотрен нефрологом, ортопедом, эндокринологом и генетиком.</p><p>Заключение врача-нефролога: гломерулопатия при синдроме Шимке: изолированная протеинурия. Каликоэктазия слева. Хроническая болезнь почек (ХБП), стадия 2. Скорость клубочковой фильтрации (проба Шварца) — 69,01 мл/ мин/1,73 м2.</p><p>Заключение врача-эндокринолога: синдромальная низкорослость. Белково-энергетическая недостаточность 2-й степени. Проведена телемедицинская консультация с ФГБУ НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Д. Рогачева, по результату которой было рекомендовано проведение заместительной терапии внутривенными или подкожными иммуноглобулинами, а также госпитализация в отделение иммунологии данного федерального центра.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Данное описание является первым случаем диагностики краевыми специалистами крайне редкого заболевания (1:1–3000000 живорожденных) в Краснодарском крае. У данного пациента течение заболевания характеризуется не тяжелым, не прогрессирующим нарушением почечной функции, что дает повод предположить более легкую форму заболевания. Проведение заместительной терапии иммуноглобулинами дает возможность улучшить прогноз у данного пациента.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD) is an autosomal recessive, ultrarare disorder characterized by multisystem involvement accompanied by spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia of the skeleton, steroid-resistant proteinuric nephropathy leading to progressive loss of renal function, impaired immunity, and vascular damage caused by atherosclerosis. SIOD is caused by biallelic pathogenic variations in the SMARCAL1 gene.The clinical manifestations of SIOD are very diverse: from a rapidly progressive disease in which children die in the first years of life, to milder forms in which they survive to adulthood. The correlation between genotype and phenotype is extremely weak, so it is impossible to predict either the clinical course or the outcome of the disease. For this reason, patients with this pathology can be seen by various specialists.Case report. The publication presents a clinical case of a 4-year-old boy with immunological deficiency, developmental disorders, and skeletal anomalies, indicating in favor of SIOD.Whole exome sequencing in the SMARCAL1 gene revealed mutation variants с.2542G&gt;T (p.Glu848Ter); c.1682G&gt;T (p.Arg561Leu) in a heterozygous state.Based on the results of the genetic study, and also taking into account that the disease is multisystemic, the child was examined by a nephrologist, orthopedist, endocrinologist and geneticist.Conclusions of the nephrologist: glomerulopathy in Schimke syndrome: isolated proteinuria. Left calicectasis. Chronic kidney disease (CKD), stage 2. Glomerular filtration rate (Schwartz test) — 69.01 ml/min/1.73 m2.Endocrinologist’s conclusion: syndromic short stature. Protein-energy malnutrition grade 2.A telemedicine consultation was conducted with the Federal State Budgetary Institution National Medical Research Center for Pediatric Hematology and Oncology named after D. Rogachev, based on the results of which replacement therapy with intravenous or subcutaneous immunoglobulins was recommended, as well as hospitalization in the immunology department of this federal center.Conclusion. This description is the first case of diagnostics of an ultrarare disease (1:1–3,000,000 live births) in Krasnodar region by regional specialists. In this patient, the course of the disease is characterized by a non-severe, non-progressive renal dysfunction, which gives reason to assume a milder form of the disease. Conducting replacement therapy with immunoglobulins makes it possible to improve the prognosis in this patient.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>иммунокостная дисплазия Шимке</kwd><kwd>иммунодефицит</kwd><kwd>нефропатия</kwd><kwd>дисплазия скелета</kwd><kwd>ген SMARCAL1</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Schimke’s immune-osseous dysplasia</kwd><kwd>immunodeficiency</kwd><kwd>nephropathy</kwd><kwd>skeletal dysplasia</kwd><kwd>SMARCAL1 gene</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schimke R.N., Horton W.A., King C.R. Chondroitin-6-sulphaturia, defective cellular immunity, and nephrotic syndrome. Lancet. 1971; 2: 1088–1089. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(71)90400-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schimke R.N., Horton W.A., King C.R. Chondroitin-6-sulphaturia, defective cellular immunity, and nephrotic syndrome. Lancet. 1971; 2: 1088–1089. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(71)90400-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schimke R.N., Horton W.A., King C.R. et. al. Chondroitin-6-sulfate mucopoly-saccharidosis in conjunction with lymphopenia, defective cellular immunity and the nephrotic syndrome. Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser. 1974; 10 (12): 258–266.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schimke R.N., Horton W.A., King C.R. et. al. Chondroitin-6-sulfate mucopoly-saccharidosis in conjunction with lymphopenia, defective cellular immunity and the nephrotic syndrome. Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser. 1974; 10 (12): 258–266.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mortier G.R., Cohn D.H., Cormier-Daire V. et al. Nosology and classifcation of genetic skeletal disorders: 2019 revision. Am J Med Genet A. 2019; 179: 2393–2419. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.61366.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mortier G.R., Cohn D.H., Cormier-Daire V. et al. Nosology and classifcation of genetic skeletal disorders: 2019 revision. Am J Med Genet A. 2019; 179: 2393–2419. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.61366.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu S., Zhang M., Ni M. et. al. A novel compound heterozygous mutation of the SMARCAL1 gene leading to mild Schimke immune-osseous dysplasia: a case report. BMC Pediatr. 2017; 17 (1): 217. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-017-0968-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu S., Zhang M., Ni M. et. al. A novel compound heterozygous mutation of the SMARCAL1 gene leading to mild Schimke immune-osseous dysplasia: a case report. BMC Pediatr. 2017; 17 (1): 217. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-017-0968-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zieg J., Bezdicka M., Nemcikova M. et al. Schimke immunoosseous dysplasia: an ultra-rare disease. A 20 year case series from the tertiary hospital in the Czech Republic. Ital. J. Pediatr. 2023; 49 (1): 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-023-01413-y.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zieg J., Bezdicka M., Nemcikova M. et al. Schimke immunoosseous dysplasia: an ultra-rare disease. A 20 year case series from the tertiary hospital in the Czech Republic. Ital. J. Pediatr. 2023; 49 (1): 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-023-01413-y.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boerkoel C.F., Takashima H., John J. et al. Mutant chromatin remodeling protein SMARCAL1 causes Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia. Nat Genet. 2002; 30: 215–220. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng821.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boerkoel C.F., Takashima H., John J. et al. Mutant chromatin remodeling protein SMARCAL1 causes Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia. Nat Genet. 2002; 30: 215–220. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng821.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lipska-Zietkiewicz B.S., Gellermann J., Boyer O. et al. Low renal but high extrarenal phenotype variability in Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia. PloS one. 2017; 12 (8): e0180926. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180926.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lipska-Zietkiewicz B.S., Gellermann J., Boyer O. et al. Low renal but high extrarenal phenotype variability in Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia. PloS one. 2017; 12 (8): e0180926. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180926.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lucke T., Kanzelmeyer N., Baradaran-Heravi A. et al. Improved outcome with immunosuppressive monotherapy after renal transplantation in Schimke-immuno-osseous dysplasia. Pediatr Transplant. 2009; 13: 482–489. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3046.2008.01013.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lucke T., Kanzelmeyer N., Baradaran-Heravi A. et al. Improved outcome with immunosuppressive monotherapy after renal transplantation in Schimke-immuno-osseous dysplasia. Pediatr Transplant. 2009; 13: 482–489. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3046.2008.01013.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ming J.E., Stiehm E.R., Graham J.M. Jr. Syndromic immunodeficiencies: genetic syndromes associated with immune abnormalities. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 2003; 40 (6): 587–642. https://doi.org/10.1080/714037692.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ming J.E., Stiehm E.R., Graham J.M. Jr. Syndromic immunodeficiencies: genetic syndromes associated with immune abnormalities. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 2003; 40 (6): 587–642. https://doi.org/10.1080/714037692.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lucke T., Billing H., Sloan E.A. et al. Schimke-immuno-osseous dysplasia: new mutation with weak genotype-phenotype correlation in siblings. Am J Med Genet A. 2005; 135: 202–205. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.30691.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lucke T., Billing H., Sloan E.A. et al. Schimke-immuno-osseous dysplasia: new mutation with weak genotype-phenotype correlation in siblings. Am J Med Genet A. 2005; 135: 202–205. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.30691.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Santangelo L., Gigante M., Netti G.S. et al. Anovel SMARCAL1 mutation associated with a mild phenotype of Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD). BMC Nephrol. 2014; 15: 41. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2369-15-41.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Santangelo L., Gigante M., Netti G.S. et al. Anovel SMARCAL1 mutation associated with a mild phenotype of Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD). BMC Nephrol. 2014; 15: 41. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2369-15-41.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dekel B., Metsuyanim S., Goldstein N. et al. Schimke Immuno-osseous dysplasia: expression of SMARCAL1 in blood and kidney provides novel insight into disease phenotype. Pediatr. Res. 2008; 63: 398–403. https://doi.org/10.1203/PDR.0b013e31816721cc.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dekel B., Metsuyanim S., Goldstein N. et al. Schimke Immuno-osseous dysplasia: expression of SMARCAL1 in blood and kidney provides novel insight into disease phenotype. Pediatr. Res. 2008; 63: 398–403. https://doi.org/10.1203/PDR.0b013e31816721cc.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Simon A.J., Lev A., Jeison M. et al. Novel SMARCAL1 bi-allelic mutations associated with a chromosomal breakage phenotype in a severe SIOD patient. J Clin Immunol. 2014; 34: 76–83. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10875-013-9957-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Simon A.J., Lev A., Jeison M. et al. Novel SMARCAL1 bi-allelic mutations associated with a chromosomal breakage phenotype in a severe SIOD patient. J Clin Immunol. 2014; 34: 76–83. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10875-013-9957-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lücke T., Kanzelmeyer N., Franke D. et al. Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia. A pediatric disease reaches adulthood. Med Klin. 2006; 101: 208–211. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00063-006-1026-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lücke T., Kanzelmeyer N., Franke D. et al. Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia. A pediatric disease reaches adulthood. Med Klin. 2006; 101: 208–211. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00063-006-1026-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morimoto M., Yu Z., Stenzel P. et al. Reduced elastogenesis: a clue to the arteriosclerosis and emphysematous changes in Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia? Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2012; 7: 70. https://doi.org/10.1186/1750-1172-7-70.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morimoto M., Yu Z., Stenzel P. et al. Reduced elastogenesis: a clue to the arteriosclerosis and emphysematous changes in Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia? Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2012; 7: 70. https://doi.org/10.1186/1750-1172-7-70.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Orozco R.A., Padilla-Guzmán A., Forero-Delgadillo J.M. et al. Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia. A case report in Colombia. Mol Genet Metab Rep. 2023; 37: 100995. https://doi.org/j.ymgmr.2023.100995.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Orozco R.A., Padilla-Guzmán A., Forero-Delgadillo J.M. et al. Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia. A case report in Colombia. Mol Genet Metab Rep. 2023; 37: 100995. https://doi.org/j.ymgmr.2023.100995.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marin A.V., Jiménez-Reinoso A., Mazariegos M.S. et al. T-cell receptor signaling in Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia is SMARCAL1-independent. Front Immunol. 2022; 13: 979722. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.979722.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marin A.V., Jiménez-Reinoso A., Mazariegos M.S. et al. T-cell receptor signaling in Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia is SMARCAL1-independent. Front Immunol. 2022; 13: 979722. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.979722.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bertulli C., Marzollo A., Doria M. et al. Expanding Phenotype of Schimke Immuno-Osseous Dysplasia: Congenital Anomalies of the Kidneys and of the Urinary Tract and Alteration of NK Cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2020; 21 (22): 8604. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21228604.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bertulli C., Marzollo A., Doria M. et al. Expanding Phenotype of Schimke Immuno-Osseous Dysplasia: Congenital Anomalies of the Kidneys and of the Urinary Tract and Alteration of NK Cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2020; 21 (22): 8604. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21228604.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
